Ruth watson lubic biography of mahatma gandhi

American nurse midwife (born )

Ruth Watson Lubic, CNM, EdD, FAAN, FACNM, (born January 18, ) is an American nurse-midwife and applied anthropologist who pioneered the role of nurse-midwives as primary care providers for women, particularly in maternity care.^[1] Lubic is considered to be one of the leaders of the nurse-midwifery movement in the United States.

Lubic holds an RN diploma () from Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, a certificate in nurse-midwifery () from the Maternity Center Association (MCA), and a BS in nursing (), MA in medical/surgical nursing (), and EdD in Applied Anthropology () from Teachers College, Columbia University.^[1][2] Lubic has also been awarded honorary doctorates from six universities.^[3]

Lubic co-founded two legally sanctioned, freestanding birth centers in New York City: the Childbearing Center (), which served middle-class families of Upper East Side Manhattan, and the Morris Heigh